ARTHA SHASTRA
Kautilya – Chanakya
Translated by R. Shamasastry, 1915
È il più antico e celebrato manuale di economia politica dell’India antica, letteralmente “Trattato sull’utile”. Il testo, in sanscrito, è attribuito dalla tradizione a Kautilya, maestro incontrastato di scienza politica, figura emblematica nei cui insegnamenti s’identifica la legge suprema, la via perfetta per realizzare, attraverso una controllatissima organizzazione tecnica dell’amministrazione pubblica e privata, gli interessi dello stato. La politica è vista quale estrinsecazione dell’attività e della funzione stessa del sovrano, la cui persona è strumento essenziale per realizzare il compromesso fra esigenze materiali e principi religiosi, ed è tale da legittimare eticamente, in nome del dovere, intenti e azioni chiaramente finalizzati al successo terreno e al benessere materiale.
ARTHA SHASTRA – SEZIONE 1
1. Index
2. Determination of the place of anvikshaki
3. Determination of the place of the triple vedas
4. Varta and dandaniti
5. Association with the aged
6. Restraint of the organs of sense
7. The life of a saintly king
8. Creation of ministers
9. The creation of councillors and priests
10. Ascertaining by temptations purity or impurity
11. The institution of spies
12. Creation of wandering spies
13. Protection of parties for or against one’s own cause
14. Winning over factions for or against an enemy’s
15. The business of council meeting
16. The mission of envoys
17. Protection of princes
18. The conduct of a prince kept under restraint
19. The duties of a king
20. Duty towards the harem
21. Personal safety
ARTHA SHASTRA – SEZIONE 2
1. Formation of villages
2. Division of land
3. Construction of forts
4. Buildings within the fort
5. The duties of the chamberlain
6. The business of collection of revenue by the collector-general
7. The business of keeping up accounts in the office of accountants
8. Detection of what is embezzled by government servants
9. Examination of the conduct of government servants
10. The procedure of forming royal writs
11. Examination of gems that are to be entered into the treasury
12. Conducting mining operations and manufacture
13. Superintendent of gold in the goldsmith’s office
14. The duties of the state goldsmith in the high road
15. The superintendent of storehouse
16. The superintendent of commerce
17. The superintendent of forest produce
18. The superintendent of the armoury
19. The superintendent of weights and measures
20. Measurement of space and time
21. The superintendent of tolls
22. Regulation of toll-dues
23. Superintendent of weaving
24. The superintendent of agriculture
25. The superintendent of liquor
26. The superintendent of slaughter-house
27. The superintendent of prostitutes
28. The superintendent of ships
29. The superintendent of cows
30. The superintendent of horses
31. The superintendent of elephants
32. Training of elephants
33. The superintendent of chariots
34. The superintendent of passports
35. The duty of revenue-collectors
36. The duty of a city superintendent
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